DRR has pioneered the development of incremental seismic mitigation for existing structures. Between 2000 and 2003, DRR has developed proof of concept, engineering guidance and a series of five owner/occupancy manuals for integrated, incremental seismic rehabilitation for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The major threat of loss in future earthquakes is associated with existing vulnerable buildings. While earthquake resistance can be provided at reasonable cost in new construction, evaluation and strengthening of existing structures posses a special problem. Integrated, incremental seismic rehabilitation is a facilities management approach to risk mitigation. Beginning with the financial and administrative processes of the building owner technical approaches to mitigation are worked out to minimize initial cost and disruption of use. This approach has been successfully implemented in school districts and is now being developed for other critical facilities and commercial and residential occupancies, including hospitals, schools and offices. This approach to mitigation is particularly relevant in resource constrained developing urban areas.